By the Census Bureau’s count, 1,864 of the 10,869 owner homes in the 20155 ZIP heat with electricity, about one in six, and inside the part the Census calls Gainesville the share comes out the same. In a house built since 2000, electric heat nearly always means a heat pump outside and an air handler with backup strips inside. Next door in the Town of Haymarket, where the typical owner home dates from 1995, the share is more than a third.
That one in six undercounts the heat pumps. The Census records a single heating fuel per house, the one used most, so a two-story gas house with a heat pump serving the bedrooms counts as gas. Builders in the 2000s often set houses up that way: a gas furnace for the main floor and basement, and a heat pump with its air handler in the attic for the floor above. Two thermostats and two outdoor units? Read the label on each unit before assuming both systems burn gas.
Prince William County keeps the like-for-like swap out of its permit office: a heat pump replaced by the same type of unit in the same location is on its no-permit list. That list is written for houses, though. The county treats condominium buildings as commercial projects, so in Heritage Hunt’s condominiums, with buildings on Chelmsford Drive and on Heritage Hunt Drive, the residential exemption doesn’t reach, and the condominium association usually has its own say about equipment on the building.
For the gas houses, about eight in ten, a heat pump comes up when the air conditioner fails. In a 2000s house that outdoor unit often holds R-22, and the replacement on the same pad can be a heat pump that heats on mild days and leaves the cold nights to the gas furnace. An air conditioner and a heat pump aren’t the same type of unit, so check how the county sees that swap before counting on the no-permit line.