Within the town limits the water comes up from four Town wells, runs through sand filters that take out natural organic matter, iron and manganese, and gets chlorinated on its way to the mains. The Town’s report on 2025 lists every contaminant it detected that year, and hardness isn’t among them, so there’s no published number to time a flush by.
Without a number, the tank tells you. Water that spends time underground dissolves minerals from the rock, and heating drops them out as scale and grit across the tank bottom. Filters built for iron and manganese don’t take out the calcium and magnesium that make water hard. A hardness strip at the kitchen tap gives you your own figure. If the tank crackles as it heats, or white grit turns up in a faucet screen, it’s already overdue.
Propane heats about 44 percent of the town’s owner homes and electricity about 42, and the tank tends to match the heat. On propane, the burner sits right under the tank floor, so a crust there is what you hear, and we check the burner and flue while it drains. An electric tank’s lower element sits where the grit piles up. With the typical owner’s house built in 2007 and 232 of the town’s homes dating from the 2010s, plenty of first tanks are ten to twenty years old.
Past the town limits, homes in 20180 are generally on their own wells; Loudoun County says about a quarter of its residents, mostly in the west and north, depend on groundwater. Every private well draws its own water, so nobody can hand you a schedule for it: one tank may drain clear after a year while another runs sandy. We don’t work on wells or pumps. Our part starts at the water heater: we drain it, rinse until it runs clean, check the anode and test the relief valve.